Our post-carbon future is already here—if you know where to look

According to a recent report from the UN, the world is on course to cross the average warming level of 1.5 degree Celsius (2.7 Fahrenheit) in the next few years. That’s considered a tipping point by the 2016 Paris Agreement, which called for net zero global carbon emissions by 2050.

As dire as the headlines are, there are also reasons to be optimistic about addressing climate change. Dozens of them are listed in Building Postcarbon Futures: Land, Justice, and Energy Transitions, a new book by the landscape architect Billy Fleming. It turns out that we don’t have to look far for equitable, just, and environmentally sensitive solutions to decarbonization. 

Fleming is an associate professor of landscape architecture at Temple University and an advisory board member of the Climate and Community Institute, and was a policy advisor to the Obama administration. In 26 case studies spanning 43 countries and six continents, he walks readers through proven ways that communities are addressing the challenge. 

The atlas’s examples aren’t simply swapping conventional energy for green options; they challenge conventional ownership structures and what types of knowledge and innovation are prized. It isn’t always a race to the newest technique that matters, as demonstrated by the Zapatista movement’s milpa farming system in Chiapas, Mexico, which relies on techniques that date back 2,000 years. It also isn’t necessarily good design that is the most important outcome, as Lacaton & Vassal’s renovation of public housing in Bordeaux, France, demonstrated; the architects found ways to complete building retrofits, like new balconies and energy-efficient systems, without displacing residents. 

We spoke with Fleming about the book, which he hopes becomes a reference for designers, policymakers, and everyday readers who are interested in learning more about solutions to the climate crisis.

This interview has been edited and condensed.